Posición anatómica del agujero mentoniano en relación al reborde alveolar y la base mandibular mediante el uso de Tomografías Computarizadas Cone Beam en pacientes dentados
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59334/ROV.v2i41.596Keywords:
Mentonian foramen, lower jaw, Cone Beam Computed Tomography, alveolar ridgeAbstract
ABSTRACT
Introduction: The mentonian foramen is an important structure of the anterior part of the mandible, referent in surgical procedures of the mandible, mainly of the interforaminal area. Therefore, for a more precise analysis of this anatomical structure we use Cone Beam CT scans, since it provides us with a three-dimensional image of higher quality of the maxillofacial massif as it does not present overlapping images, geometric distortion and false negatives that could increase the risk of iatrogenic lesions.
Objective: To determine the distance of the mentonian foramen in relation to the alveolar ridge and the mandibular base by means of Cone Beam Computed Tomography of dentate patients.
Methodology: The study was descriptive, cross-sectional and retrospective; 109 Cone Beam Computed Tomography scans of dentate patients were evaluated from March to October 2020, taken from the Maxillofacial Diagnostic Institute (IDM) Lima, Peru; between 18 and 50 years old, distributed in three age groups: 18 to 28 years old, 29 to 39 years old and 40 to 50 years old. The distances from the upper edge of the mentonian foramen to the alveolar ridge and from the lower edge of the mentonian foramen to the mandibular base were analyzed, taking into account sex and age group. For the statistical analysis, SPSS Statistics version 26.0 was used and the T student test for related tests was applied to evaluate the differences between the right and left sides, T student for independent tests to analyze the measures with the male and female sexes and ANOVA of one factor for the analysis with the age groups. All tests were performed at a significance level of 5%.
Results: The mentonian foramen is closer to the mandibular base than to the alveolar ridge, whose means are 13.81mm and 14mm, respectively. The average distance was shorter in the 40 to 50 years age group and the female sex presented shorter distances.
Conclusion: The mentonian foramen is 13.81mm above the mandibular base, the greatest distances were found in the male sex and the shortest distances in the 40 to 50 years age group.
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