Un Primer Reporte de Presencia de Fauna Epibiótica en Orcas (Family: Delphinidae) en Costa Rica
Palabras clave:
Xenobalanus globicipitis, Remora australis, dinámicas ecológicas, ballenas asesinas, especies claveResumen
Las interacciones entre cetáceos y su fauna epibiótica proporcionan valiosas perspectivas sobre la dinámica de los ecosistemas, ofreciendo herramientas para entender cómo reaccionan a factores como el cambio climático y el desplazamiento de especies clave. Se analizaron datos del proyecto Orcas en Costa Rica (1997-2024), el número de orcas con percebes y rémoras, y sus partes del cuerpo involucradas fueron determinadas. Las orcas fueron clasificadas por sexo y grupo de edad (macho, hembra, juvenil o cría) y se identificaron las especies de percebes y rémoras presentes. El 25% de las orcas observadas tenían percebes o rémoras adheridas, sin asociaciones de percebes en machos adultos. En 2022, el 36% de los informes presentaban epibiosis, lo cual podría indicar efectos del calentamiento global en las orcas. Este es el primer informe de fauna epibiótica relacionada con orcas en Costa Rica, estableciendo una base para usar las interacciones cetáceo-epibionte como bioindicadores de la salud ambiental permitiendo mayor comprensión de las respuestas dentro del ecosistema.
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